docs: Adding the json Schema to the documentation (#6817)

Co-authored-by: Rajni2002 <rajnikant.dash@everlytics.com>
Co-authored-by: dwelle <luzar.david@gmail.com>

dev-docs/docs/codebase/json-schema.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# JSON Schema
+
+The Excalidraw data format uses plaintext JSON.
+
+## Excalidraw files
+
+When saving an Excalidraw scene locally to a file, the JSON file (`.excalidraw`) is using the below format.
+
+### Attributes
+
+| Attribute | Description | Value |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `type` | The type of the Excalidraw schema | `"excalidraw"` |
+| `version` | The version of the Excalidraw schema | number |
+| `source` | The source URL of the Excalidraw application | `"https://excalidraw.com"` |
+| `elements` | An array of objects representing excalidraw elements on canvas | Array containing excalidraw element objects |
+| `appState` | Additional application state/configuration | Object containing application state properties |
+| `files` | Data for excalidraw `image` elements | Object containing image data |
+
+### JSON Schema example
+
+```json
+{
+  // schema information
+  "type": "excalidraw",
+  "version": 2,
+  "source": "https://excalidraw.com",
+
+  // elements on canvas
+  "elements": [
+    // example element
+    {
+      "id": "pologsyG-tAraPgiN9xP9b",
+      "type": "rectangle",
+      "x": 928,
+      "y": 319,
+      "width": 134,
+      "height": 90
+      /* ...other element properties */
+    }
+    /* other elements */
+  ],
+
+  // editor state (canvas config, preferences, ...)
+  "appState": {
+    "gridSize": null,
+    "viewBackgroundColor": "#ffffff"
+  },
+
+  // files data for "image" elements, using format `{ [fileId]: fileData }`
+  "files": {
+    // example of an image data object
+    "3cebd7720911620a3938ce77243696149da03861": {
+      "mimeType": "image/png",
+      "id": "3cebd7720911620a3938c.77243626149da03861",
+      "dataURL": "data:image/png;base64,iVBORWOKGgoAAAANSUhEUgA=",
+      "created": 1690295874454,
+      "lastRetrieved": 1690295874454
+    }
+    /* ...other image data objects */
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Excalidraw clipboard format
+
+When copying selected excalidraw elements to clipboard, the JSON schema is similar to `.excalidraw` format, except it differs in attributes.
+
+### Attributes
+
+| Attribute | Description | Example Value |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `type` | The type of the Excalidraw document. | "excalidraw/clipboard" |
+| `elements` | An array of objects representing excalidraw elements on canvas. | Array containing excalidraw element objects (see example below) |
+| `files` | Data for excalidraw `image` elements. | Object containing image data |

dev-docs/sidebars.js

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ const sidebars = {
       },
       items: ["introduction/development", "introduction/contributing"],
     },
-
     {
       type: "category",
       label: "@excalidraw/excalidraw",
@@ -92,6 +91,11 @@ const sidebars = {
         "@excalidraw/excalidraw/development",
       ],
     },
+    {
+      type: "category",
+      label: "Codebase",
+      items: ["codebase/json-schema"],
+    },
   ],
 };